Caricom y la ONU buscan apoyo para los países del Caribe afectados por los huracanes
La Comunidad del Caribe (Caricom), auspiciada por el Programa de las Naciones Unidas para el Desarrollo (PNUD), realizó este martes en la Sede de la Organización de Naciones Unidas (ONU) en Nueva York la Conferencia de Donantes de Alto Nivel: Construir comunidades más resilientes al cambio climático», con el objetivo de obtener recursos internacionales para los Estados miembros devastados el pasado septiembre por los huracanes Irma y María.
En la Conferencia participan instituciones para el desarrollo, ONG, personalidades destacadas, entidades del sector privados y fundaciones. También están invitados los Jefes de Gobierno de la Caricom y los Secretarios Generales de la Caricom y la ONU.
Antes del encuentro, el secretario general de Caricom, Irwin LaRoque, dijo que el Caribe debe prepararse para «los próximos huracanes, inundaciones o sequías» y fortalecerse ante las calamidades.
LaRoque considera que tanto Irma como María marcaron un hecho sin precedente, pues se trató de dos huracanes de categoría cinco (máxima en la escala Saffir Simpson), ambos ocurridos de manera consecutiva.
Los dos fenómenos naturales, asociados al cambio climático, son una muestra de que los países de la región deben prepararse para futuros eventos.
El funcionario pidió afianzar un nuevo pensamiento que permita el acceso a los recursos y que termine con el principio que vincula al Producto Interno Bruto per cápita como único factor de medición del desarrollo.
Además, señaló que es necesario que se tomen decisiones que permitan dar solución a los problemas que producto del cambio climático enfrentan los países del Caribe.
Caribbean can only ‘build back better’ with international support, urgent climate action – UN, CARICOM Chiefs and Heads of Government
In view of the urgent needs of Caribbean islands affected by Hurricanes Irma and Maria, the “CARICOM-UN High-level Pledging Conference: Building a more Climate-Resilient Community ” mobilised a broad partnership to support reconstruction efforts, including through over US$1.3 billion in pledges and over $1 billion in loans and debt relief.
Support derived from nearly 400 high-level representatives from governments, multilateral and civil society organizations and the private sector gathered at UN headquarters today with the Secretaries-General of the United Nations and the Caribbean Community (CARICOM) to help countries to “build back better” as the first climate-resilient countries in the world.
Recovery costs surpass $5billion, according to the latest needs estimates. In some cases the impact is 3.5 times countries’ Gross Domestic Product (GDP), for example in the British Virgin Islands.The principal economic sectors of tourism and agriculture have been significantly affected, according to assessments made public during the conference, organized by the Caribbean Community (CARICOM) with support from the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) working with sister UN agencies.
“The magnitude of reconstruction will require significant levels of financing which we are unable to generate on our own. Countries are highly indebted, with limited access to financing due to their middle-income status,” said CARICOM Secretary-General, Irwin LaRocque. “The task of rebuilding is beyond us.”
“Countries in the Caribbean need support now to rebuild, and to take effective climate action. We need a new generation of infrastructure that is risk-informed, to underpin resilient economies, communities and livelihoods,” said UN Secretary-General, António Guterres.
Climate-vulnerable islands were decimated, like Barbuda, the smaller of the two-island state of Antigua and Barbuda, and Dominica, with deep social, economic and environmental impacts. Other severely affected islands were Anguilla, British Virgin Islands, The Bahamas, Turks and Caicos Islands. Haiti and St Kitts and Nevis also suffered damage. Sint Maarten/St Martin as well as Cuba and the Dominican Republic were impacted, in addition to Puerto Rico.
“Climate change is not a theoretical question for the people of the Caribbean. You live this reality daily. Our sentiments and well wishes will not be enough. Our messages of solidarity alone will not do. Right now, it is time for us to act,” said President of General Assembly, Miroslav Lajčák.
In Barbuda, damages surpass US$130 million with recovery needs of over $220 million, according to the latest post-Irma assessment. The tourism sector, which is crucial for Antigua and Barbuda’s economy, accounting for nearly 60 percent of GDP, was severely affected, bearing 76 percent of losses.
“Climate change recognizes no borders, size of country or religion of its people. All are involved and all are consumed; but the small, vulnerable, poor are the most affected,” said Prime Minister Gaston Browne of Antigua and Barbuda. “We Small Island Developing States will never achieve the Sustainable Development Goals unless there’s funding for climate-resilient communities.”
In Dominica, Hurricane Maria decimated decades of development gains, impacting over 200 percent of the island state’s GDP. Poverty levels risk rising above 60 percent. Nearly 60 percent of damages relate to housing and transportation infrastructure, with recovery costs estimated at around US$1.3 billion.
“We have the goal of rebuilding Dominica as the world’s first climate-resilient country,” said Prime Minister Roosevelt Skerrit of Dominica. “It’s an existential matter for us; it’s the only way forward.”
Responding to the urgent needs, over US$1.35 billion were pledged by established partners and new ones, highlighting the importance of South South Cooperation—from the region and beyond. Estimated amounts: $702million from The Netherlands; $352 million from the European Union; $140 million from the World Bank; $ 78 million from Canada; $30million from China; $27 million from Mexico; $12 million from Italy; $4.3 million from the United States; $4 million from Japan; $1 million from Kuwait; $2 million from India; $1 million from Venezuela; $1.2 million from Belgium; $1 million from Chile; $500,000 from Denmark; $300,000 from Colombia; $250,000 from Haiti; US$ 250,000 from New Zealand; $200,000 from Brazil; $150,000 from Kazakhstan; $100,000 from Romania; $100,000 from Portugaland $20,000 from Serbia.
Moreover, the Inter-American Development Bank pledged U$1 billion in loans, Italy,$30 million in soft loans while Venezuela forgave $1 million in debt for a more resilient Caribbean.
